Ghazali

Sudan • Human • Makurian
Tooth enamel / Bone MA/OA

Site & Context

Country / Region
Sudan
Site Name
Ghazali
Cemetery / Specific Area
Cemetery 2
Grave / Feature
Ghz-2-122
Relative Time Period
Makurian
Latitude (DDM)
18.441944
Longitude (DDM)
31.931389
Elevation (m)
281

Material & Specimen

Material Type
Human
Material Specified
Tooth enamel / Bone
Bone Element
Element Side

Individual Profile

Individual Detail
Ghz-2-122
Sex / Species
Male
Age (Text)
35-45
Age Category
MA/OA
Burial Type
BG

Dentition

Tooth Number
Tooth Side
Tooth Arch
Dental Code Abbrev.
Permanent Dentition Code
Deciduous Dentition Code
Dental Code System

Radiocarbon Dating

¹⁴C Material
¹⁴C BP
¹⁴C Cal 95%
¹⁴C Lab Name
¹⁴C Lab ID
pMC
C Amount

Oxygen & Carbon Isotopes

δ¹⁸O (carb, VPDB) ‰
2.7
δ¹⁸O (carb, VSMOW) ‰
33.7
δ¹⁸O (phos, VSMOW) ‰
24.5
δ¹⁸O (drinking water) ‰
4
δ¹³C (enamel apatite, VPDB) ‰
δ¹³C (bone apatite, VPDB) ‰

Strontium & Chemistry

⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr
0.710452 ± 1.1E-5
Concentration Index (CI)
3.4
Calcium (mg/L)
570
Strontium (mg/L)
0.4

Collagen & Composition

δ¹³C (collagen) ‰
-19.2
δ¹⁵N (collagen) ‰
14.1
%C
%N
C/N Ratio
6.5
Collagen Yield (%)
0.04

Record Metadata

Source
Stark, R. J., Ciesielska, J. A., & Ob?uski, A. (2023). Monks on the move? An assessment of mobility at the medieval Nubian monastery of Ghazali, Sudan (ca. 680-1,275 CE). Archaeometry, 65(4), 862-880.; Stark, R. J., Ciesielska, J. A., & Ob?uski, A. (2021). An isotopic assessment of makurian monastic diet at the medieval nubian monastery of Ghazali, Sudan (Ca. 680-1,275 CE). Archaeometry, 63(6), 1363-1382.
Created By
System
Updated By
Created At
16 Dec 2025, 18:18 UTC
Updated At
16 Dec 2025, 18:18 UTC
Record ID
87