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Ghazali

Sudan • Human • Makurian
Tooth enamel / Bone OA
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Site & Context

Country / Region
Sudan
Site Name
Ghazali
Cemetery / Specific Area
Cemetery 3
Grave / Feature
Ghz-3-002
Relative Time Period
Makurian
Latitude (DDM)
18.441944
Longitude (DDM)
31.931389
Elevation (m)
281

Material & Specimen

Material Type
Human
Material Specified
Tooth enamel / Bone
Bone Element
—
Element Side
—

Individual Profile

Individual Detail
Ghz-3-002
Sex / Species
Female
Age (Text)
50+
Age Category
OA
Burial Type
BG

Dentition

Tooth Number
—
Tooth Side
—
Tooth Arch
—
Dental Code Abbrev.
—
Permanent Dentition Code
—
Deciduous Dentition Code
—
Dental Code System
—

Radiocarbon Dating

¹⁴C Material
—
¹⁴C BP
—
¹⁴C Cal 95%
—
¹⁴C Lab Name
—
¹⁴C Lab ID
—
pMC
—
C Amount
—

Oxygen & Carbon Isotopes

δ¹⁸O (carb, VPDB) ‰
4.7
δ¹⁸O (carb, VSMOW) ‰
35.8
δ¹⁸O (phos, VSMOW) ‰
26.5
δ¹⁸O (drinking water) ‰
7.2
δ¹³C (enamel apatite, VPDB) ‰
—
δ¹³C (bone apatite, VPDB) ‰
—

Strontium & Chemistry

⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr
—
Concentration Index (CI)
—
Calcium (mg/L)
—
Strontium (mg/L)
—

Collagen & Composition

δ¹³C (collagen) ‰
-8
δ¹⁵N (collagen) ‰
11.12
%C
—
%N
—
C/N Ratio
3.2
Collagen Yield (%)
10.75

Record Metadata

Source
Ciesielska, J. A., Stark, R. J., Ob?uski, A., Boivin, N., Lucas, M., Le Roux, P., & Roberts, P. (2023). Multi-isotopic investigation of population dynamics and mobility among rural Medieval Christian communities at Ghazali, Northern Sudan. Journal of African Archaeology, 21(2), 131-153; Ciesielska, J. A., Stark, R. J., Ob?uski, A., Boivin, N., & Roberts, P. (2021). Multi-isotope analysis of dietary variation among the early Christian communities of northern Sudan. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 37, 103016.
Created By
System
Updated By
—
Created At
16 Dec 2025, 18:18 UTC
Updated At
16 Dec 2025, 18:18 UTC
Record ID
103